Abnormal serum iron markers in chronic hepatitis B virus infection may be because of liver injury

OBJECTIVE In patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, it is not known whether altered serum iron markers are directly because of the infection or the associated liver injury. We determined the serum iron status of patients with chronic HBV infection, and investigated whether it is HBV infection or HBV-related liver injury that likely causes abnormal serum iron markers in chronic HBV infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS For a retrospective study, chronic HBV-infected patients (80 patients with cirrhosis and 76 patients without cirrhosis) and 58 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum alanine transaminase levels were measured to ascertain liver damage. Indicators of iron status included serum iron, ferritin, and transferrin. RESULTS Compared with noncirrhotic patients and healthy controls, the serum transferrin of cirrhotic patients was lower and the serum iron and ferritin values were higher (P < 0.001, all). In cirrhotic patients, the serum iron and ferritin levels correlated positively with serum alanine transaminase levels and the transferrin levels were inversely related to both end-stage liver disease scores and iron levels (all P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Serum iron markers tended to be aberrant in chronic HBV-infected patients with cirrhosis. The liver injury associated with HBV infection, but not chronic HBV infection directly, is likely the main cause for iron metabolism disorder.